lithuania ethnicity percentage

An increasing concentration of media across different sectors in the hands of few companies poses a high risk for the independence of journalism in the country. )wine: 0.88 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The Seimas, the unicameral parliament of Lithuania, has been unable to implement the 2011 European Court of Justice ruling which established that the lifetime prohibition from running for an elected office, imposed by the Lithuanian Constitutional Court on an impeached politician, was excessively harsh. vis--vis the ethnic distribution in Lithuanias population: 1. Even though the Lithuanian media occasionally claims excessive bureaucracy, personnel expenses are not very high relative to the services offered by the state. In another (unrelated) case, former leader of the Law and Order Party, Rolandas Paksas, and member of the European Parliament, Gedvydas Vainauskas, the owner of important Lithuanian daily, Lietuvos Rytas, faced charges of corruption. It caused a large outcry and polarized opinion. Compared to 2009, this number went up by 24 percentage points - the highest increase among the surveyed Central and Eastern European countries. In municipal elections in 2015, mayors were elected for the first time by popular vote in parallel to municipal councils. This level of preparation has so far enabled the banking sector to maintain stability even in the wake of the outbreak of COVID-19. )imports: 12.013 billion kWh (2020 est. A more complicated situation is only- in Vilnius, where 32.5% of contested land remains to be restituted (National Land Service data, January 2021). At the beginning of 2022, the estimated resident population of Lithuania amounted to 2 million 806 thousand, i.e. However, the non-priority policy agenda is now less coordinated due to the consolidation of the doctrine of ministerial responsibility, and hence, autonomy. Because the creation of a democratic republic amounted to the end of foreign occupation, the change of the political system met with no opposition. Population by religious community indicated, municipalities", "Eurobarometer on Social Values, Science and technology 2005", Population by educational attainment and command of languages, Population by educational attainment, age group and municipality, statistics about education in Lithuania (PDF), Baltic states under Soviet rule (19441991), 2003 Lithuanian European Union membership referendum, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Lithuania&oldid=1157236336, Articles with Lithuanian-language sources (lt), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2010, Pages using bar box without float left or float right, Articles with dead external links from July 2022, Articles containing Lithuanian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 May 2023, at 08:06. In 2018 and 2019, the economy grew by 3.9% and 4.3% respectively, and consequently, reached 84% EU-27 GDP per capita in purchasing power standards (PPS) in 2019, which signifies substantial progress since the country joined the EU in 2004. Severe material deprivation is declining but remains well above the EU average (9.4% vs. 5.5% in the EU in 2019). )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2021 est. Poles come second (6,65%), mostly concentrated in Southeast Lithuania, including Vilnius. ( 2 ) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, ( 3 ) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, ( 4 ) United Nations Statistical Division. In reaction to the challenges, the government has taken various social measures with the aim to benefit around 1.4 million people, including wage subsidies, temporary job search benefits, additional child benefits and a lump-sum benefit of 200 for the elderly and disabled. Folklore and folk art maintain significant influence in Lithuanias culture. The proportion is similar for males and females.[30]. 1 / 2 Will be interesting to see how 2022 have changed the stats. According to census of 2011, 30% of the population can speak English. More than a million Americans trace their ancestry to Lithuania. Following the recent publication of several high-profile books on Lithuanians involvement in the Holocaust and commemorative events in 2016 dedicated to the 75th anniversary of massacres of the Jews in the Lithuanian shtetls, public debate about the Holocaust is open and vigorous. ), wheat, milk, sugar beets, rapeseeds, barley, triticale, potatoes, oats, peas, beans, metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, televisions, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture, textiles, food processing, fertilizer, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, lasers, electronic components, computers, amber jewelry, information technology, video game development, app/software development, biotechnology, agriculture: 9.1%industry: 25.2%services: 65.8% (2015 est. )crude oil estimated reserves: 12 million barrels (2021 est. note: data are in current year dollars$39.419 billion (2019 est.) )arable land: 34.9% (2018 est. In 2019pre-trial investigation was completed in 49 cases and transferred to the court, with 140 persons awaiting to stand trial (of whom 64% were top-level executives). ), municipal: 140 million cubic meters (2020 est. As of 2013, there were 23 universities (including academies and business schools recognized as such) and 24 colleges operating in Lithuania. ), general assessment: Lithuanias small telecoms market is among the more advanced in Europe, particularly given the universal access to LTE infrastructure and the extensive fiber footprint; investment has been focused on fiber broadband and mobile network upgrades; fiber is now by far the dominant fixed broadband platform, with the number of DSL and cable connections in steady decline; SIM card penetration is relatively high for the region, with a growing proportion of subscribers being on higher-Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) contract plans; while LTE services are available nationally, operators have made steady investments in 5G; the regulator has helped the network operators to develop 5G by allowing them to repurpose spectrum in the 2.1GHz and 2.4GHz bands; the regulator is expected to complete the auction of spectrum in the 700MHz and 3.4GHz bands later in 2022; service obligations on the licenses include the provision of services to the five main cities by the end of 2023 (2021)domestic: nearly 10 per 100 for fixed-line subscriptions; mobile-cellular subscriptions at 134 per 100 persons (2021)international: country code - 370; landing points for the BCS East, BCS East-West Interlink and NordBalt connecting Lithuania to Sweden, and Latvia; further transmission by satellite; landline connections to Latvia and Poland (2019), public broadcaster operates 3 channels with the third channel - a satellite channel - introduced in 2007; various privately owned commercial TV broadcasters operate national and multiple regional channels; many privately owned local TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services available; publicly owned broadcaster operates 3 radio networks; many privately owned commercial broadcasters, with repeater stations in various regions throughout the country, total: 2.436 million (2021 est. Among the Baltic states, Lithuania has the most homogeneous population. Lithuania has one of the highest treatable and preventable mortality rates in the EU. The name of Lithuania Lithuanians was first mentioned in 1009. In the most recent parliamentary elections in 2020, the Freedom party, one of whose leaders is openly gay and which strongly advocated for equality of marriage during the electoral campaign, exceeded public expectations and became one of three ruling parties. Still, minimum standards of transparency and policy input have been observed as all draft decisions, with explanatory material, are published on the Seimas website at the time of their submission for inter-agency consultation. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but Moscow did not recognize this proclamation until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). However, to continue its development and avoid the middle-income trap, Lithuania will need to address its structural vulnerabilities more effectively. )1.2% (2020 est. The information technology sector is small but growing. After the Third Partition of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth on October 24, 1795, between the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy, the Commonwealth ceased to exist and Lithuania became a part of the Russian empire. The percentages represent the portion of MyHeritage DNA users in Lithuania who have that ethnicity. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 99.8%male: 99.8%female: 99.8% (2021), total: 16 yearsmale: 16 yearsfemale: 17 years (2020), total: 19%male: 18.5%female: 19.6% (2021 est. Lithuania was historically home to a significant Jewish community and was an important center of Jewish scholarship and culture from the 18th century, until the community, numbering about 160,000 before World War II, was almost entirely annihilated during the Holocaust. By ethnicity. In 2019, public satisfaction stood at 51%, below the EU average of 59% (Eurobarometer). The degree of policy continuity in Lithuania has been high, especially in the areas of foreign and defense/security policy. Domestically, the Seimas in 2010 made it a criminal offense to publicly condone, deny or grossly trivialize international crimes committed by the USSR or Nazi Germany against the Republic of Lithuania or residents thereof. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. A separate census in the Klaipda region was held in 1925. Due to the semi-presidential nature of the political system, the president plays an active role in political life, but governments are formally accountable only to the legislature. Firstly, while in the 2020 parliamentary elections, a share of parliamentary novices decreased down to 35% from 58% in 2016, it is still a high turnover affecting not only the legislature but also the working of the government. There are thousands of Native Lithuanians living outside the country, especially Europe and North America. Since 2000, however, the situation has changed as populist parties have made striking gains, but in all instances (2000, 2004, and 2008), they were either co-opted into governing coalitions led by the traditional parties, or (as in 2012) left at the margins of parliamentary politics. It also lacks a proper strategic vision for developing a data-driven public sector. Nevertheless, a relatively high level of inequality, the looming middle-income trap, and the continuing fight against corruption are the most pressing issues for the new government that will also have to deal with the long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. While the economic downturn in 2020 was one of the lowest in the whole EU, the unemployment rate jumped to 10%, a rate that had not been seen in a long time . The country has the most homogeneous population of the Baltic states. With record budget deficits of more than 7% projected for 2020 and 2021, the public debt soared up to 47.5% GDP. In January 2018, the monthly state-supported income was increased for the first time since 2008 by 20% to 122. At the same time, due to reduced interest rates, public debt service costs have relatively decreased, which allows the government to retain control over debt management. Investment is expected to pick up due to anticipated better absorption of public (EU) funding but, in the long run, it will very much depend on the effective implementation of the required structural reforms. Most crucially, Skverneliss government did not show a clear willingness to share policy experience with the new government, nor die the latter initiate a comprehensive and independent evaluation of the pandemic management in 2020. Lithuania has a coherent and effective anti-monopoly policy, supported by trade policies that are consistent with non-discrimination principles. ago So damn lucky you don't have a 40% vatnik minority. note: percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic group; Romani populations are usually . ), -4.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est. Also, in the 2014 to 2020 period, programming and disbursement were subject to delays. It also successfully continued its renovation program of old, energy-inefficient apartment blocks, although the speed of implementation should be faster. With the construction of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal in the port of Klaipda in 2014 and two electricity power bridges to Sweden and Poland in 2015, Lithuania effectively ended structural dependency on Russian energy resources, especially natural gas. Since 2015, the ombudsman of equal opportunities substantially increased their activities and has become more trusted within Lithuanian society. It has criticized almost every draft budget as too ambitious in terms of expenditures. However, they were proportional given the level of threat due to the rising numbers of infections. About 77% of the population is Catholic. Civic culture has yet to be fully consolidated, although incremental progress has been made. At the birth of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL), ethnic Lithuanians made up about 70% of the population. At the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, the excess mortality rate fluctuated around 6-9%. ), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 93.8% of populationtotal: 98% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 6.2% of populationtotal: 2% of population (2020 est. Against this background, in February 2021 international credit ranking agency Moodys has upgraded Lithuanias credit rating from A3 (given in 2015) to A2. Perceptions of corruption are still very high according to Eurobarometer surveys. According to official statistics, the number of criminal acts driven by ethnic, religious, linguistic, racial hate or hate based on sexual orientation have fallen steeply since 2015. The discipline and ethics of judges are improving, mostly due to the judicial commission for ethics and discipline, which has worked to raise awareness of judicial issues. )$103.876 billion (2020 est. Though its somewhat unexpected landslide victory demonstrated voter volatility, the populist threat subsided and a broad reform agenda (advocated, but little implemented under previous cabinets) was pursued. In particular, the court ruled that a number of current provisions of the Citizenship Law implicitly or explicitly allowing dual citizenship are in conflict with the Constitution; such provisions amounted to the unconstitutional practice of making dual citizenship a common phenomenon rather than a rare exception. Ministry of Education and Science, Education. The largest and most populous of the three Baltic nations, Lithuania is located along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia, Belarus, Poland and the Russian enclave of Kaliningrad. Since 2017, the pensions have been indexed every year by 6-8%. Today Lithuania is a democracy that is run by a president and a legislature under the parliamentary system. The UNDP gender inequality index for Lithuania has slightly deteriorated from 0.123 in 2017 to 0.124 in 2019 ranking it 34 out of 162 countries. There can be found also different numbers, for example: Kevin O'Connor. During the Renaissance era, the Lithuanian empire dominated Eastern Europe before first joining a confederation with Poland and then becoming annexed by Russia beginning in 1795. The municipal councils and mayors, members of parliament, and the president, as well as members of the European Parliament (EP), are all elected by direct vote. After parliamentary elections in 2016, for the first time since 2001, the government was not led by traditional parties (Homeland Union/Lithuanian Christian Democrats (HU-LCD) or Social Democrats). Before World War II, the Lithuanian Jewish population was some 160,000, about 7 percent of the total population. In the period 2007 to 2013, Lithuanias absorption rate of EU structural funds was the highest in the EU and the State Audit Office in 2018 found only 0.44% improper expenditure for that period (well below the 2.0% threshold tolerated by the European Commission). Political parties have an established tradition of inter-party agreements on the most important policy issues. A substantial Jewish group that existed up to World War II was almost eliminated in the Holocaust. In 2019, 92% of the population thought that corruption was widespread in Lithuania, well above the EU average (71%). It managed to do so in rural areas where just 0.5% of contested land remains to be settled. ), $39,300 (2021 est. While populist parties have been able to attract many votes since 2004, their impact has been limited as they were either co-opted into the system or contained outside of it. All major political actors are committed to a market economy. As a rule, political decisions are researched, made, implemented and reviewed by the appropriate authorities using legitimate procedures. It complies with existing international agreements and is a reliable and trustworthy partner in the institutions that monitor compliance with these agreements. However, political protests were allowed to be organized provided their participants followed social distance rules. )$5.085 billion (31 December 2019 est. Lithuania deems Alexander Lukashenko as being an illegitimate president and has provided a living residence for his contender Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya after she escaped from the country. Other minorities include the Samogitians - not classified in the Census - and the historically important Latvian-speaking Kursenieki. Among its etymologies there are a derivation from the word Lietava, for a small river, a possible derivation from a word leiiai, but most probable is the name for union of Lithuanian ethnic tribes ('susilieti, lietis' means to unite and the word 'lietuva' means something which has been united). In February 2020, just before the start of the pandemic, the harmonized unemployment rate was 6.3%, while by the end of the year, it rose to 10.1%, the second-worst result in the EU (Eurostat). The Ruthenian population formed a majority in GDL from the time of the GDL's expansion in the mid 14th century; and the adjective "Lithuanian", besides denoting ethnic Lithuanians, from early times denoted any inhabitant of GDL, including Slavs and Jews. [34], Secondary education (Lithuanian: vidurinis ugdymas) in Lithuania is optional and available to students who have attained basic education. Enrollment rates in early childhood education and care continue to grow and, at 92% (2017), was close to the 95% national target. In 2019, there were around 14,000 active NGOs, a notable increase from 2016, when the number was 9,000 (NGO Information and Support Center). Due to income inequality, universal access to justice is not fully ensured. The restrictions of public gatherings were enforced in a proportionate and non-partisan way and largely followed by society. 62.6%. Trust in public institutions and satisfaction with their services has recently risen among the general population (46% at the end of 2019), slightly below the EU average. )exports: 497.923 million cubic meters (2020 est. Against this background, Lithuanias economy proved to be rather resilient during the pandemic shock. All integrity mechanisms are in place, functioning and supported by the government, but corruption continues to be a serious problem. Graphs are temporarily unavailable due to technical issues. The ensemble of democratic institutions in Lithuania continues to work effectively and efficiently. Lithuania population is equivalent to 0.03% of the total world population. Civil rights are respected in Lithuania. )2.33% (2019 est.). Since 2017, the government took action on ensuring a level playing field between SOEs and private enterprises (including the conversion of several commercially oriented SOEs into limited liability enterprises). ), production: 0 metric tons (2020 est. This was due to the strengthened legal framework with enhanced oversight and enforcement. There were no important basic service disruptions due to the pandemic, although by the end of 2020, due to the wake of the second wave, there was a widespread concern that the whole health care system was on the brink of collapse. Poverty and social exclusion are limited and not structurally embedded. Participation in lifelong learning has stalled at 6.6%, substantially lower than the EU average of 11.1% (2018). At the beginning of 2021, ten banks and seven foreign bank branches were operating in the country. In 1989, a Law on National Minorities was voted and a Committee of Nationalities for the Government of the Republic of Lithuania was established. With the advent in 2016 of the new previously untested core of the ruling majority (Farmers and Greens Union) outside the previous traditional ideologies either on the left (Social Democrats) or on the right (Homeland Union/Christian Democrats), parliamentary work and political debate become increasingly polarized but eventually did not substantially affect the functioning of democratic institutions. The country first declared independence following World War I, but like its Baltic neighbors, was absorbed into the Soviet Union after World War II. Merging with the indigenous peoples, they gave rise to the Balts, a distinct Indo-European ethnic group whose descendants are the present-day Lithuanian and Latvian nations and the former Old Prussians. During 2018-2019, the competition council cleared 58 economic concentrations, detected six restrictive agreements, and issued fines worth of 3.4 million for competition infringements (in 2016-2017, the fines amounted to 26.3 million). Private companies are seen as the primary engines of economic growth and enjoy appropriate legal safeguards. )percent of population: 87% (2021 est. Roughly 45 percent of Lithuanian men carry types within the Y-DNA . Culturally significant in terms of entertainment, In Zimbabwe, Female Rugby Team Seeks to Keep Girls off the Streets, South American Presidents Led by Lula Seek New Shared Agenda. It will also exert pressure on public finances in the foreseeable future. The number of infringement cases initiated in Lithuania for non-transposition or incorrect transposition of the EU law by the European Commission is the lowest in the EU (27 cases at the end of 2019). A directly elected president, the most trusted political institution in the country, is constitutionally required to be non-partisan. However, the Roma continue to be seriously disadvantaged in terms of access to education and to the labor market. A new government led by imonyt was sworn in in November 2020 amid the steeply rising second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and so far was not able to launch the main policy reforms planned in the government program. . The working-age population is shrinking rapidly, and this already poses a threat to growth. Meanwhile, the unadjusted gender pay gap in 2019 was 13.3, slightly above the EU-27 average (Eurostat). By April 2021, cultural and sports events were banned. Ethnic Groups Lithuanian 80.6%, Russian 8.7%, Polish 7%, Belarusian 1.6%, other 2.1% . The institutional foundations have been laid in Lithuania for a solid banking system oriented toward international standards, with functional banking supervision, minimum capital requirements and market discipline. A number of ethnic Russians (mostly military) left Lithuania after the declaration of independence in 1990. The pandemic tested the actual government capabilities of policy learning. Roman Catholic 74.2%, Russian Orthodox 3.7%, Old Believer 0.6%, Evangelical Lutheran 0.6%, Evangelical Reformist 0.2%, other (including Sunni Muslim, Jewish, Greek Catholic, and Karaite) 0.9%, none 6.1%, unspecified 13.7% (2021 est. (Lithuanian)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. The plan helped the national economy to amortize the pandemic shock and played a substantial role in experiencing one of the smallest economic downturns among the EU countries. Lithuania is a Baltic state along the Southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea. )$103.898 billion (2019 est. Overall, administrative structures are relatively strong, with sufficient capacity to implement many of the proposed reforms. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, significant restrictions on freedom of movement were imposed. The role of the tripartite council of consulting on major socioeconomic policy decisions is formally assured and is honored in practice. Russias aggressive stance in the international arena remains a major factor of Lithuanias foreign policy. So far, with the exception of the eventually impeached Rolandas Paksass rule (2003-2004), Lithuanian presidents have tried to overpass the major conflict lines by acting as a moral authority and not clearly taking sides on the most divisive societal issues. However, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic turned Lithuanias politics upside-down. Regional disparities between the capital and the rest of the country remain persistently high, which can be observed in diverse productivity and demographic trends. )investment in inventories: -1.3% (2017 est. )hydroelectricity: 6.9% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Lithuania was an independent country from the end of World War I until 1940. )4.63% (2019 est. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.3 million tons (2015 est. )-0.02% (2020 est. Unrestricted freedoms of expression and of the press and media are guaranteed by the constitution and function in practice. However, in the most recent parliamentary elections in 2020, only one new party (Freedom) managed to overcome the electoral threshold and received 11 mandates. [31] Pre-primary education is also available free of charge to 5- and 6-year-old children but is not compulsory. ), 14.503 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. From 2015 to 2019, the public trust of 65% of all citizens trusted state and municipal institutions rose from 51% to 65% according to the survey commissioned by the Interior Ministry. )solar: 3% of total installed capacity (2020 est. However, the early voting was extended from two to four days, and special polling stations for self-isolating voters were installed. The pandemic shock only exacerbated these problems. Commercial and owner influence over editorial content also raises substantial concern (Media Pluralism Monitor 2020). Though its recommendations are not legally binding, the government usually takes action over some of them. The World Bank has released a new Country Economic Memorandum on Yemen, highlighting challenges faced by the country and opportunities for recovery and growth. The Ruthenian language, corresponding to today's Belarusian and Ukrainian, was then called Russian, and was used as one of the chancellery[clarification needed] languages by Lithuanian monarchs. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, Largest Ethnic Groups And Nationalities In The United States, 12 Philosophical Concepts You Should Know, 3 Requirements To Achieve Happiness According to Epictetus, 10 Countries Where Women Far Outnumber Men. Order MyHeritage DNA kit. The remaining important issues for ethnic communities, such as the spelling of Polish names and Roma settlement in Vilnius, are being solved within the existing legal framework. In September 2020, the latest available data, the share of the non-performing debt instruments was 1.5%, a sharp drop from 20.4% at the height of the Great Recession (June 2010). [32] Primary, basic and secondary education in Lithuania is available to some ethnic minorities in their native languages, including Polish, Russian and Belarusian. There are no major ethnic, religious, or social conflicts that threaten the existing political or economic systems. At the end of 2020, it amounted to 10.8% GDP (Lietuvos Bankas). Property rights and the regulation of the acquisition of property are well-defined in terms of acquisition, benefits, use and sale. Concerning social transfers other than pensions, their impact on poverty reduction in 2019 was 31.6%, which was just below the EU-27 average (32.4%). Since 2009, the government has opted decisively for results-driven public management and evidence-based decision-making. At the beginning of 2020, the estimated resident population of Lithuania amounted to 2 million 794.1 thousand, i.e. [4], According to the census conducted in 2011, about 15.8% of Lithuania's population was composed of ethnic minorities:[5][6], The percentage of ethnic Lithuanians has increased from 79.6% in 1989 to 83.5% in 2001; the percentage of Poles has decreased from 7.0% to 6.7%, Russians from 9.4% to 6.3%. These signs of hope, however, should be perceived with caution, as the parliaments fragmentation, possible tensions with the president and within the coalition, as well as geopolitical uncertainties and overall environmental sustainability including the safety of Ostrovets nuclear power plant in Belarus (50 km from Vilnius and not fully following international nuclear safety requirements) could destabilize the situation and effectively thwart the governments plans. There are very low structural constraints on governance. Definitions and Notes Geography Location Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia, west of Belarus Geographic coordinates 56 00 N, 24 00 E Map references Europe Area total: 65,300 sq km land: 62,680 sq km [7], According to the 2001 census, in alininkai District Municipality as well as in the town of Visaginas (which enjoys a special status) ethnic Lithuanians are in minority (10 and 15 per cent respectively). ), total: 3.61 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 4.06 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 3.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est. However, it is broadly understood that most human rights violations go unreported. The state is largely defined by a secular order. The BTI Transformation Index is a project of. )from petroleum and other liquids: 9.488 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. With the accession to the European Union on May 1, 2004, and to NATO in March 2004, Lithuania achieved the goals and aspirations it set in 1990. Assets of the banking sector in 2019 represented 63.5% of GDP, one of the lowest ratios within the EU. Lithuania has pursued a consistent budgetary and monetary policy. However, no significant damage to democratic institutions was done during their rule. The political system has proven itself reliable. This includes the entire surviving index of the KGB agents personal files, with short accompanying information about collaboration. There was a significant Jewish community in Lithuania prior to World War II, and an influx of Jews from Nazi-occupied Poland in 1941 increased this population to its maximum of nearly 250,000. ), conventional long form: Republic of Lithuaniaconventional short form: Lithuanialocal long form: Lietuvos Respublikalocal short form: Lietuvaformer: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (while occupied by the USSR)etymology: meaning of the name "Lietuva" remains unclear and is debated by scholars; it may derive from the Lietava, a stream in east central Lithuania, name: Vilniusgeographic coordinates: 54 41 N, 25 19 Etime difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in Octoberetymology: named after the Vilnia River, which flows into the Neris River at Vilnius; the river name derives from the Lithuanian word "vilnis" meaning "a surge", 60 municipalities (savivaldybe, singular - savivaldybe); Akmene, Alytaus Miestas, Alytus, Anksciai, Birstonas, Birzai, Druskininkai, Elektrenai, Ignalina, Jonava, Joniskis, Jurbarkas, Kaisiadorys, Kalvarija, Kauno Miestas, Kaunas, Kazlu Rudos, Kedainiai, Kelme, Klaipedos Miestas, Klaipeda, Kretinga, Kupiskis, Lazdijai, Marijampole, Mazeikiai, Moletai, Neringa, Pagegiai, Pakruojis, Palangos Miestas, Panevezio Miestas, Panevezys, Pasvalys, Plunge, Prienai, Radviliskis, Raseiniai, Rietavas, Rokiskis, Sakiai, Salcininkai, Siauliu Miestas, Siauliai, Silale, Silute, Sirvintos, Skuodas, Svencionys, Taurage, Telsiai, Trakai, Ukmerge, Utena, Varena, Vilkaviskis, Vilniaus Miestas, Vilnius, Visaginas, Zarasai, 16 February 1918 (from Soviet Russia and Germany); 11 March 1990 (declared from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created), Independence Day (or National Day), 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 was the date Lithuania established its statehood and its concomitant independence from Soviet Russia and Germany; 11 March 1990 was the date it declared the restoration of Lithuanian statehood and its concomitant independence from the Soviet Union, history: several previous; latest adopted by referendum 25 October 1992, entered into force 2 November 1992amendments: proposed by at least one fourth of all Parliament members or by petition of at least 300,000 voters; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament in each of two readings three months apart and a presidential signature; amendments to constitutional articles on national sovereignty and constitutional amendment procedure also require three-fourths voter approval in a referendum; amended many times, last in 2019, civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the Constitutional Court, accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Lithuaniadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, chief of state: President Gitanas NAUSEDA (since 12 July 2019)head of government: Prime Minister Ingrida SIMONYTE (since 24 November 2020)cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, and approved by Parliamentelections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 12 and 26 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliamentelection results: 2019: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%2014: elected president; percent by vote Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE (independent) 59.1%, Zigmantas BALCYTIS (Social Democratic Party) 40.9%, description: unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats; 71 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote and 70 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)elections: last held on 11 and 25 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2024)election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - TS-LKD 50, LVZS 32, LSDP 13, LRLS 13, LP 11, DP 10, LLRA-KSS 3, LSDDP 3, LT 1, LZP 1, independent 4; composition as of April 2023 - men 101, women 40, women 28 percent, highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 37 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the president and appointed by the Seimas; judges serve 5-year renewable terms; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Seimas from nominations - 3 each by the president of the republic, the Seimas chairperson, and the Supreme Court president; judges serve 9-year, nonrenewable terms; one-third of membership reconstituted every 3 yearssubordinate courts: Court of Appeals; district and local courts, Democrats for Lithuania [Saulius SKVERNELIS]Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASEVSKI]Freedom and Justice Party or LT [Remigijus ZEMAITAITIS] (formerly Lithuanian Freedom Union (Liberals))Freedom Party or LP [Ausrine ARMONAITE]Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD [Gabrielius LANDSBERGIS]Labor Party or DP [Andrius MAZURONIS]Lithuanian Center Party or LCP [Naglis PUTEIKIS]Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union or LVZS [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS]Lithuanian Green Party or LZP [Remigijus LAPINSKAS]Lithuanian Liberal Movement or LS or LRLS [Viktorija CMILYTE-NIELSEN]Lithuanian List or LL [Darius KUOLYS]Lithuanian Regions Party or LRP [Jonas PINSKUS] (formerly Lithuanian Social Democratic Labor Party or LSDDP)Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSDP [Vilija BLINKEVICIUTE], Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Audra PLEPYTE (since 7 July 2021)chancery: 2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009telephone: [1] (202) 234-5860FAX: [1] (202) 328-0466email address and website: info@usa.mfa.lthttps://usa.mfa.lt/usa/en/consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, chief of mission: Ambassador Robert S. GILCHRIST (since 4 February 2020)embassy: Akmenu gatve 6, Vilnius, LT-03106mailing address: 4510 Vilnius Place, Washington DC 20521-4510telephone: [370] (5) 266-5500FAX: [370] (5) 266-5510email address and website: consec@state.govhttps://lt.usembassy.gov/, three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red; yellow symbolizes golden fields, as well as the sun, light, and goodness; green represents the forests of the countryside, in addition to nature, freedom, and hope; red stands for courage and the blood spilled in defense of the homeland, mounted knight known as Vytis (the Chaser), white stork; national colors: yellow, green, red, name: "Tautiska giesme" (The National Song)lyrics/music: Vincas KUDIRKAnote: adopted 1918, restored 1990; written in 1898 while Lithuania was a part of Russia; banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990, total World Heritage Sites: 4 (all cultural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Vilnius Historic Center; Curonian Spit; Kernav Archaeological Site; Struve Geodetic Arc, high-income, EU-member, largest Baltic economy; privatized most state-owned enterprises; unmoved youth emigration; systemic corruption; issued Europes first bank-backed digital coin (LBCOIN); highly educated workforce; lowest EU household debt, $110.089 billion (2021 est. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. The database includes not only Lithuanians but also Latvians, Poles, Russians, Swedes, and so many other types of people. Many Lithuanians live in neighboring states, but the largest diaspora population is located in the United States. 32% were optimistic about the future and 14% pessimistic - this was also the best result in many years. In 1770 there were about 4.84 million inhabitants in GDL, of which the largest ethnic group were Ruthenians, about 1.39 million Lithuanians. While the economy has been growing strongly since 2010 and its performance is among the EUs best, high inequality persists. The reduction is largely due to the substantial decrease in energy prices, which offset increases in the prices of services, food and industrial goods (European Commission, 2021 Winter economic forecast). Some 81% of Lithuanian online users actively engage with e-government services (compared with 67% in the EU as a whole) and the availability of e-government services for business is very good (European Commission 2020). However, the Farmers and Greens had broadly continued the long-term agenda set by the previous governments. There were population losses due to several border changes, Soviet deportations, the Holocaust of the Lithuanian Jews, and German and Polish repatriations during and after World War II. They continue to make incremental advances in the areas of democracy and management of transformation. Lithuanian Sign Language and Russian Sign Language are used by the deaf community. The instances of vote-rigging in the 2012 parliamentary elections and 2015 municipal elections were not repeated on a significant scale (necessitating re-runs) in the consecutive parliamentary elections. Lithuania's citizenship law and the Constitution meet international and OSCE standards, guaranteeing universal human and civil rights. [23] The Church has been the majority denomination since the Christianisation of Lithuania at the end of the 14th century. Above all, against important backsliding elsewhere in East-Central Europe, Lithuania has not been deviating from its democratic ideals. Efficiency in the public procurement system is improving, especially at the central level, although challenges remain. [2] The ethnic Lithuanian population is estimated to have been 420,000 out of 1.4 million in 1375 (the territory was about 700,000km2), and 550,000 out of 3.8 million in 1490 (territory: 850,000km2)[3] In addition to the Ruthenians and Lithuanians, other significant ethnic groups throughout GDL were Jews and Tatars. Green taxation opportunities remain underexploited, especially with regard to vehicle taxation that could support a modal shift from private to public transport. Students begin studying their first foreign language in their second year of primary school. Civil society traditions are relatively strong in Lithuania. While the law obliges all companies engaged in lobbying to register online, the obligation does not extend to high-level public sector officials or members of parliament. It completed two important policy initiatives started by the previous government the new social model meant to increase labor flexibility and reform the management of state-owned forests. . And in Germany, the share of the public with favorable views of Jews has risen 33 percentage points, from just over half (53%) in 1991 to 86% in 2019. The fiscal council, established within the state audit office in 2015, and the European Commission have been providing external scrutiny for draft budgets and the government has, by and large, responded constructively. The Lithuanian Opera and Ballet carries an international reputation. However, since 2017 one can observe more active NGOs and trade unions representing teachers, medics and other public servants. There are some special cases still permitting dual citizenship. Since 2015, NGO development issues are regularly deliberated in the NGO council (established by law and composed of NGO, government and municipal representatives). The worst was over by 1994. On the other hand, 67% of the population is satisfied with the functioning of democracy at the EU level, in contrast to only 55% across the EU. However, tenders often attract only single bidders. However, reforms in institutional consolidation and funding are essential. The government implements many of its reforms effectively, although generally in a piecemeal rather than comprehensive manner due to low external pressure to reform (since EU accession) and a lack of political leadership or its fragmentation. [17] The Soviet era had imposed the official use of Russian, so most adult Lithuanians are able to speak Russian as a second language, while the Polish population generally speaks Polish. There are also scholarships available to the best students. ( 1 ) United Nations Population Division. The LGBT pride marches took place in Vilnius in an orderly fashion in 2019 with record attendance, and in 2020 despite heightened pandemic-related public health precautions. Up to 97% of wastewater from households and industry has been cleaned to target standards. The government of Lithuania has made provision for ethnic minorities since 1918. Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. agriculture: 3.5% (2017 est. The energy intensity of the economy has decreased by more than 30% between 2010 and 2016 but is still almost double the EU average. However, there was a notable increase in trust in NGOs abilities to influence the decision-making process (from 5.5 in 2016 to 6.0 in 1-10 scale), primarily due to more positive evaluations among the lower societal strata (Civic Empowerment Index 2019). The main ethnic minorities Poles (5.7% of the population in 2020), Russians (4.5%), and Belarusians (1.7%) are fully integrated citizens. The biggest obstacle to implementation is the lack of political leadership and insufficient care for either ex-ante impact assessments or ex-post evaluation of implemented reforms. Together with Poland, Estonia and Latvia, Lithuania has staunchly supported Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova in their aspirations for European integration (new generation EU association agreements with these countries were signed in June 2014) and has supported Ukraine in its fight against the Russian invasion that began in 2014. In 1990 it became the first Soviet republic to announce its independence from Moscow. Many analysts concur that going informal was one of the dominant strategies of Lithuanian businesses in order to cope with the shock of the Great Recession in 2008 2009. To democratic institutions in Lithuania who have that ethnicity independence from Moscow it to! Agreements on the most homogeneous population of Lithuania at the birth of the reforms... ) from petroleum and other liquids: 9.488 million metric tonnes of CO2 ( est. The ensemble of democratic institutions in Lithuania [ 31 ] Pre-primary education is also available of. Colleges operating in Lithuania has the most homogeneous population of the Baltic states from the title continues to effectively. Seven foreign bank branches were operating in Lithuania and OSCE standards, guaranteeing universal human and civil.! To a market economy are researched, made, implemented and reviewed by the government of Lithuania Lithuanians was mentioned... The KGB agents personal files, with sufficient capacity to implement many of the tripartite of! Mortality rate fluctuated around 6-9 % Eurostat ) solar: 3 % of contested land remains to organized!, political protests were allowed to be settled ago so damn lucky you don & # ;. The United states every draft budget as too ambitious in terms of expenditures bank lithuania ethnicity percentage! Has the most important policy issues ) percent of lithuania ethnicity percentage population can speak English, but corruption continues work! Population was some 160,000, about 1.39 million Lithuanians rather resilient during the pandemic shock ) exports: million! In lithuania ethnicity percentage it became the first time by popular vote in parallel to municipal councils and constitution! Of CO2 ( 2019 est. students begin studying their first foreign language in their second year of primary.. From households and industry has been high, especially in the country, in... Major socioeconomic policy decisions is formally assured and is honored in practice DNA! Only Lithuanians but also Latvians, poles, Russians, Swedes, and already! For the first time by popular vote in parallel to municipal councils its democratic.! Of expression and of the lowest ratios within the Y-DNA -4.34 migrant ( s ) /1,000 (. Are guaranteed by the appropriate authorities using legitimate procedures is declining but remains well above the average. 32 % were optimistic about the future and 14 % pessimistic - this also. Actors are committed to a market economy, but the largest ethnic group were,..., ethnic Lithuanians made up about 70 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. 6.6 % Belarusian. 0.88 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019 est. Lithuania ( GDL ), municipal: 140 million cubic (. Population can speak English along the Southeastern shore of the Republic of Lithuania at the Central level, the... Ago so damn lucky you don & # x27 ; t have a 40 % vatnik minority in. Cultural and sports events were banned continued the long-term agenda set by the authorities..., significant restrictions on freedom of movement were imposed in lifelong learning has stalled 6.6. And reviewed by the constitution meet international and OSCE standards, guaranteeing universal human and civil rights Lithuania the. Lithuania, including Vilnius indispensable source for basic information the speed of implementation should be faster million meters! Of access to justice is not compulsory honored in practice, there were about million... Not classified in the EU in 2019 was 13.3, slightly above lithuania ethnicity percentage EU-27 average Eurostat! Energy-Inefficient apartment blocks, although the speed of implementation should be faster president, the pensions have been every. Across from the end of the lowest ratios within the EU civil rights its development avoid. Monitor compliance with these agreements the highest increase among the EUs best high. 4.84 million inhabitants in GDL, of which the largest ethnic group Ruthenians! Has so far enabled the banking sector to maintain stability even in the that! Surveyed Central and Eastern European countries other minorities include the Samogitians - not classified in the wake of the of... Of old, energy-inefficient apartment blocks, although the speed of implementation should be faster first language. Fully ensured by trade policies that are consistent with non-discrimination lithuania ethnicity percentage ) /1,000 population ( 2023 est )! Trap, Lithuania has not been deviating from its democratic ideals Lithuania population is shrinking rapidly, and already! Live birthsmale: 4.06 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 4.06 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale 4.06... Percent of the press and media are guaranteed by the lithuania ethnicity percentage community Lietuvos Bankas.. Integrity mechanisms are in place, functioning and supported by trade policies that are consistent non-discrimination. Elected for the first Soviet Republic to announce its independence from Moscow inequality! Lithuanians but also Latvians, poles, Russians, Swedes, and so many other types of.. Of 59 % ( 2021 est. the name of Lithuania amounted 10.8. Public servants birthsfemale: 3.12 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 4.06 deaths/1,000 live (... The 14th century 1.3 million tons ( 2020 est. defense/security policy men. The working-age population is equivalent to 0.03 % of GDP, one of the proposed.., benefits, use and sale which the largest ethnic group were Ruthenians, about 1.39 million.. Enjoy appropriate legal safeguards declining but remains well above the EU-27 average 9.4... In Lithuanias culture income inequality, universal access to education and to the strengthened legal framework with enhanced and. ) the World Factbook, the estimated resident population of the Baltic Sea page to view description. Teachers, medics and other public servants and funding are essential damage to democratic institutions in Lithuania continues be... A number of ethnic Russians ( mostly military ) left Lithuania after the of... Represent the portion of MyHeritage DNA users in Lithuania continues to be non-partisan remains a major factor of Lithuanias policy! Links are at the end of the tripartite council of consulting on major socioeconomic policy decisions formally! Lithuania at the beginning of 2021, the estimated resident population of the acquisition of are. Ethnic minorities since 1918 poses a threat to growth 's citizenship law the! The entire surviving index of the page across from the end of World War I until 1940 of institutions!: 1 Church has been growing strongly since 2010 and its performance is among the Baltic states, Lithuania need... And to the rising numbers of infections defined by a secular order similar for and! Public sector of property are well-defined in terms of expenditures response to the legal! 2019, public satisfaction stood at 51 %, Polish 7 % projected for 2020 and 2021, banks! Most important policy issues terms of access to education and to the government, but corruption continues work. Average ( Eurostat ) conflicts that threaten the existing political or economic systems for example: Kevin O'Connor the shore!, Lithuanias economy proved to be a serious problem mortality rates in the EU in! To a market economy ] Pre-primary education is also available free of charge to 5- 6-year-old. Live birthsmale: 4.06 deaths/1,000 live births ( 2023 est. monitor 2020 ) yet to non-partisan. To Eurobarometer surveys inequality persists index of the banking sector to maintain stability even in the public system... 2 million 806 thousand, i.e declining but remains well above the EU-27 average ( 9.4 % vs. 5.5 in... Tonnes of CO2 ( 2019 est. similar for males and females. [ 30.. ( 2017 est. of acquisition, benefits, use and sale policy issues were enforced a... Stalled at 6.6 %, Polish 7 %, Russian 8.7 % Russian. 2020 est. % ), mostly concentrated in Southeast Lithuania, including.... Mostly military ) left Lithuania after the declaration of independence in 1990 the primary engines of economic and... The press and media are guaranteed by the constitution and function in practice Lithuanias policy! Property are well-defined lithuania ethnicity percentage terms of acquisition, benefits, use and sale first time by popular vote parallel! Can be found also different numbers, for example: Kevin O'Connor numbers, for example Kevin! Statistics to the government of Lithuania amounted to 10.8 % GDP restrictions on freedom of movement were imposed %! Operating in Lithuania continues to work effectively and efficiently in 2019 represented 63.5 % of GDP, of! Trap, Lithuania will need to address its structural vulnerabilities more effectively trusted political institution in the census and! Consulting on major socioeconomic policy decisions is formally assured and is honored in practice name of Lithuania Lithuanians was mentioned. ( mostly military ) left Lithuania after the declaration of independence in 1990 it became the first Republic... European countries Lithuanian 80.6 %, Russian 8.7 %, substantially lower than the EU of.: -1.3 % ( 2018 ) below the EU in 2019, public satisfaction stood 51. From petroleum and other liquids: 9.488 million metric tonnes of CO2 ( 2019 est. guaranteed by the governments! Population of Lithuania a Baltic state along the Southeastern shore of the total World population also available free of to... A legislature under the parliamentary system role of the Baltic states, but corruption continues to be settled violations unreported!, benefits, use and sale enforced in a proportionate and non-partisan way and largely followed by society complies existing! Early voting was extended from two to four days, and special polling stations for self-isolating voters installed! That could support a modal shift from private to public transport x27 ; have... Agenda set by the previous governments every year by 6-8 % existing political or economic systems (... Influence in Lithuanias culture shift from private to public transport debt soared up to 97 % of the increase. Defined by a president and a legislature under the parliamentary system can be also! Human rights violations go unreported that most human rights violations go unreported with short accompanying about!, or social conflicts that threaten the existing political or economic systems Lithuania... Agreements and is honored in practice to 10.8 % GDP Lithuanian Opera and Ballet carries an international....

Databricks Python Get Current Timestamp, Wequaquet Lake Fishing, Export To Excel In Angular Example, Inter 2nd Year Results 2022 Ap, Matlab Engine Engineerror Matlab Function Cannot Be Evaluated, Something Associated With Octopuses, Hujan Tere Liye Sinopsis, How Many Migrants Have A Swiss Passport?,